Malaysia’s current security threats are closely associated with its socio-political structure that it inherited from the colonial period. Simultaneously, the changing international order could also pose mounting challenges to the country’s management of the ever increasing traditional and non-traditional security threats.

Although attacks by Indonesian anarchists have yet to cause fatalities, they continue to threaten national and regional security. This is particularly due to their deep connections with international anarchist communities. Unless Indonesia and its neighbours take immediate preventive measures, not only more attacks are expected but would be more lethal than that of February 16, 2022.